太阳能电池的研究现状与进展

Present Research Status and Progress of Solar Cells

随着全球经济快速发展和社会进步,能源短缺和环境污染问题已经成为社会经济发展的障碍。如何在化石燃料枯竭的时期继续维持社会发展和保障人民生活水平,是各国亟待解决的问题。新能源开发和利用将为人类文明可持续发展提供重要保障。太阳能作为一种洁净可再生能源,以其污染少、效率高等优点成为最具前景的新能源之一。综述了太阳能电池的研究现状和最新进展,对太阳能电池的发展历程作了系统的介绍,并分析和探讨各类太阳能电池制备方法、工作性能、转化效率以及优劣势。最后对太阳能电池未来所面临的挑战和发展趋势进行了讨论和展望。

With the rapid advancement of the global economy and social development,energy shortage and environmental pollution have been obstacle to the development of society and economy.It's urgent to maintain social development and improve people's living standard when fossil fuel is exhausted.The development and utilization of new energy will provide an important guarantee for the sustainable development of human civilization.As a clean and sustainable energy,solar energy becomes one of the most prospective new energy due to its low pollution and high efficiency.This paper summarizes the current achievement and recent development of solar cells and gives a systematic introduction to development history of solar cells.Various solar cell preparation methods,working performance,conversion efficiency,advantages and disadvantages were analyzed and discussed.Finally,the future development and challenges of solar cells are also prospected.