基于残余高度控制的刀具动态补偿技术研究

Research on Technology of Tool Dynamic Compensation Based on Scallop Height Control

目前数控编程技术主要分为2种:一种是通过CAM软件编程生成数控程序(NC)代码;另一种是通过宏程序等方式编制的NC代码。CAM软件编程通用性强,目前已成为数控编程的主流技术,但其生成的程序量大的缺点在一些内存空间有限的数控机床上使用有一定的局限性,而这类机床在企业中占有很大的比例,因此宏程序占用内存小、程序可调等优点,在企业数控加工中有很大的应用空间,而在曲面零件的加工中,大部分都是使用G10刀具动态补偿技术编制的宏程序。通过加工实例来阐述动态刀具补偿编程的残余高度算法及在VERICUT仿真软件下虚拟仿真的实现,论证了在等残余高度的编程方法下工件表面质量与步距角、被加工表面的曲面半径及刀尖圆角半径之间的关系。

At present,there were two methods of the NC programming technology,one was to generate the NC code by CAM software,another was to compile the NC code by macro program.CAM software programming had strong universality and it has becoming the mainstream technology of numerical-control.However,it had the disadvantage that the generated program was large so it was limited to be used in the CNC with confined memory space,and this kind of machine in the enterprise occupied a large proportion,therefore with the advantages of small occupy memory space and adjust ability,macro program had big application fields in enterprise NC machining.In most of the machining of curved surface components,macro program compiled with G10 tool dynamic compensation technology was used.The residual height algorithm of tool dynamic compensation programming and the realization of virtual simulation based on VERICUT simulation software through processing examples were described.The mathematical relationship between the workpiece surface quality,the step angle,the radius of the machined surface and the rounded corner of the tool tip under the programming method of equal scallop height was demonstrated.