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核酸检测和基因编辑的新工具:CRISPR/Cas13系统 被引量:2

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摘要 成簇的规律间隔的短回文重复序列(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats,CRISPR)/CRISPR相关蛋白(CRISPR-associated proteins, Cas)系统是目前基因编辑、基因表达研究的热点,其中,研究较成熟的为CRISPR/Cas9系统,其在单链RNA的引导下可特异地切割靶DNA的特定位点,实现DNA水平的操作。而靶向RNA的CRISPR/Cas13系统开启了在RNA水平研究、诊疗的新时代。活化的Cas13具有独特的核酸酶活性,可特异性地切割靶向RNA,同时非特异性地切割周围环境中的RNA,利用以上特性可实现体外核酸检测。通过活性位点突变可产生无核酸酶活性但可与RNA结合的dCas13(dead Cas13),将dCas13与其他功能性蛋白质进行融合可进一步扩大dCas13的应用范围。该文主要概括了CRISPR/Cas13系统在核酸检测以及在RNA水平作为基因编辑工具的新进展。
出处 《临床检验杂志》 CAS 2019年第5期380-382,共3页 Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
基金 国家自然科学基金(81700790)
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