热泵空调室外换热器结霜研究

A Review on Frosting of Outdoor Heat Exchanger in Heat Pump Air Conditioning

电动汽车热泵空调在冬季低温高湿的环境下,运行时换热器会结霜,从而会导致换热效率低下。这是由于结霜后换热器的热阻增加了,从而降低其换热系数。所以研究换热器冷表面的结霜基础理论,寻究一种更节能高效的抑霜、融霜方式,备受国内外学者的关注。文章简要介绍了换热器表面结霜现象产生原理,以及室外环境参数温度、湿度、风速等对结霜速率和霜层厚度的影响。总结了在冷表面处理、超声波振动、蓄热材料抑霜技术以及加热和热气法除霜等技术近些年的研究情况。

Under the cold and high humidity environment of electric car heat pump air conditioning in winter,the heat exchanger will frostbite during operation,which will lead to low heat exchanger efficiency.This is because the heat resistance of the heat exchanger increases after frosting,thereby reducing its heat transfer coefficient.Therefore,studying the frosting theory of the cold surface of heat exchangers,and seeking a more energy-efficient and defrosting and defrosting method has attracted the attention of scholars at home and abroad.This paper briefly introduces the principle of frosting on the surface of the heat exchanger and the influence of the temperature,humidity and wind speed of the outdoor environmental parameters on the frost rate and thickness of the frost layer.The recent researches the cold surface treatment,ultrasonic vibration,frost suppression technology of heat storage materials and defrosting by heating and hot gas are summarized.