铁路货车车体线路动态响应仿真与验证

Simulation and Verification of Dynamic Response of Railway Wagon on Railway Track

针对大系统仿真分析方法与试验结果出现偏差问题,基于实际线路测试数据,以车体子系统为仿真对象,辅助于模拟台架的试验数据,建立了 26 个自由度的多体仿真模型,实现了车体线路动态响应的仿真计算.结果表明:摇枕垂、横向加速度响应结果仿真与试验 RMS (root mean square)误差最大值为 9%.在 1.5~15.0 Hz 主要频率段,车体枕梁垂、横向振动加速度的试验结果和仿真结果的 RMS 误差低于 8.57%,车体关键焊缝仿真与试验的动应力响应波形基本一致.通过与试验结果的对比验证,仿真结果基本反映了车体在实际线路运行时的动态响应情况.

For resolving errors between a simulation analysis and the test results of a large system, a multi-body simulation model of a railway wagon with 26 degrees of freedom was created using test data from a real test rig on a railway track and by incorporating the wagon body’s subsystems into the simulation object in order to realise a simulation calculation of the dynamic response of the railway wagon. The results show that the maximum RMS (root mean square) error between the simulation and the test of the wagon body bolster’s vertical and lateral vibration acceleration is 9%. Furthermore, the RMS error between the simulation and test of the wagon body bolster’s vertical and lateral vibration acceleration is less than 8.57% in the 1.5-15.0 Hz frequency range. Finally, the response signal waveforms of the dynamic stress of the simulation and that of the wagon body’s key welds are almost identical. The comparison and validation of the simulation and test results show that the simulation results substantially reproduce the dynamic response conditions of the railway wagon running along a railway track.