流畅性对审美鉴赏的影响——从加工流畅性模型到审美愉悦与兴趣模型

Aesthetic Appreciation and Fluency: From the Fluency Theory to the PIA Model

加工审美对象的流畅性是否对审美反应产生影响,一直存在争议。加工流畅性模型主张流畅性直接引发积极情绪,积极情绪是影响审美判断的决定性因素。而审美愉悦与兴趣模型主张加工动机决定加工水平,并导致不同的审美反应。厘清流畅性与不同审美反应间的关系,分析不同水平的加工的作用,有助于进一步完善审美加工模型。未来应关注审美需求以及不同审美对象,并结合神经美学的方法,发展和完善审美加工理论框架。

Whether the fluency of processing aesthetic objects has an impact on the aesthetic reaction is controversial. The fluency theory of aesthetic advocates that fluency directly leads to positive emotions, and positive emotions are the decisive factors affecting the aesthetic judgment. The Pleasure-Interest Model of Aesthetic Liking advocates that processing motivation determines the level of processing, and leads to different aesthetic reactions. We clarified the relationship between fluency and different aesthetic responses, and analyzed the roles of different aesthetic responses in different levels of processing, which was conducive to further improve the model of aesthetic processing. The future research should focus on the aesthetic needs and different aesthetic objects, and combine the methods of neural aesthetics to develop and improve the theoretical framework of aesthetic processing.