圣人如何可学而成?——以王阳明思想为中心的考察

How Do Saints Learn and Succeed? ——A Case Study on Wang Yangming’s Thoughts

中国传统的知识分子都致力于追求成为"圣人",并认为圣人可学而成,然而对于解决"圣人如何可学而成"这一难题却或语焉不详,或失之高远。王阳明结合自己的躬行实践对此难题实现了根本性的突破,他不仅找到了适合自己的成圣之路,使得自我本心与圣人之道能够吻合统一,而且揭示了"凡人"如何可学而成为"圣人",从而很好地解决了这一"人虽有限而可无限"的重大难题,实现了"圣凡一体"的可能性,形成了阳明心学所独具的主体性、平民性和实践性特质。

Chinese traditional intellectuals are all committed to the pursuit of becoming"saints" and believe that saints can be learned, but the solution to the problem of "how saints can be learned" is not clear or far-reaching. Wang Yangming made a fundamental breakthrough in this issue with the combination of his practice. He not only found his own way of sainthood, achieving the coincidence and unification between self-nature and way of becoming the saint, but also revealed how "mortals" could learn to become "saints", thus well solving the problem of "Man can be infinite in spite of his finiteness", and making the "integration of saints and mortals" possible, which develops into the unique subjectivity, popularity and practicality of Yangming’s theory of mind.