20世纪50年代美国的南亚政策探析

An Analysis on American Policy towards South Asia in 1950s

20世纪50年代美国多次出台了针对南亚的外交战略,美国国家安全委员会的档案文件中对南亚的政策涉及印度、巴基斯坦、阿富汗、锡兰和尼泊尔。当时是冷战初期,美国的南亚政策是为冷战服务的,最终目标是遏制共产主义。美国国家安全委员会文件对南亚的战略包括了对南亚的局势分析、政策目标和具体行动方案等方面。美国这一时期的南亚政策一定程度上取得了进展但也存在复杂的危机。通过研判20世纪50年代美国南亚战略的转变,可以更好地了解冷战初期美国对南亚从不甚关注到越来越重视的外交政策风向的转变过程和深刻内涵。

In the 1950 s, policy towards South Asia in the U.S. National Security Council’s archives involved India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Ceylon and Nepal. During this period the United States repeatedly issued diplomatic strategies towards South Asia. The early 1950 s was the initial phase of the Cold War, and the South Asian policy of the United States served the Cold War, with the ultimate goal of curbing communism. The strategies on South Asia of the U.S. National Security Council documents included the analysis of the situation in South Asia, policy objectives and specific action programs. During this period, the South Asian policy of the United States had made progress to a certain extent but there were also complex crises. By studying the changes in the strategies on South Asia of the U.S. in the 1950 s, it is possible to better understand the changing process and profound meaning of the foreign policy direction that the United States had paid more and more attention to South Asia in the early Cold War.