含时密度泛函理论及应用的最新发展

New Developments of Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory and Its Applications

密度泛函理论在材料计算研究领域得到了广泛的应用,然而它无法处理含时问题和材料的激发态性质。Runge-Gross 定理奠定了含时密度泛函理论的基础,为研究这两类问题提供了有效的手段。经过三十多年的发展,含时密度泛函已被应用到量子化学、材料计算等多个领域,人们也更加了解其优势和不足。目前,含时密度泛函理论和方法仍在迅速发展。本文简要回顾含时密度泛函方法的发展历史,介绍近年来含时密度泛函在理论和应用方面的一些重要进展,总结当前在含时密度泛函领域存在的重要难题以及面临的挑战,展望其发展方向和趋势。

Nowadays density functional theory which was introduced in the mid-1960s has wide applications in material simulations. However, it is not able to deal with time-dependent problems and excited properties of materials. Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) based on Runge-Gross theorem, provides a viable way to deal with these two problems. After thirty years’ development, TDDFT has been widely applied to many fields, such as quantum chemistry and material simulation, and our understanding of its advantages and weaknesses also grows. To date, TDDFT theory and method still develop rapidly. Here a brief historical review of TDDFT is first introduced. Then it is followed by a discussion of recent important developments on theory and applications of TDDFT. Finally we summarize some important problems and challenges that TDDFT are facing and attempt to offer some thoughts about where TDDFT will be progressing.