尾矿库溃决影响范围分析的三维激光扫描与颗粒流技术

Application of 3D Laser Scanning and Particle Flow Technology in Analysis of Dam Break Impact Range of Tailings Reservoir

三维激光扫描技术是一种利用激光脉冲对物体表面进行扫描从而获取其表面特征信息的技术。为分析确定尾矿库溃决影响范围,利用该技术获取尾矿库及周边区域高精度地表点云数据,通过数据拼接、去噪、建模等处理,结合设计参数,完成尾矿库最终堆排模型制作,并利用颗粒流软件PFC^3D,建立尾矿库地表及堆排模型,模拟尾矿库溃决后,对下游的影响范围。根据模拟结果表明:①高精度点云数据在尾矿库及周边地表DEM模型的制作中具有显著优势;②三维激光扫描与颗粒流技术的结合,能建立高精度的溃决模型,使模拟计算结果更准确,影响范围更真实可靠;③根据监测点的速度变化曲线可知,溃决运动过程颗粒碰撞激烈,符合溃决运动规律。根据研究结果发现,颗粒流技术对尾矿库溃决模拟分析具有较强的适用性,特别是在三维激光扫描技术的引入下,高精度地形数据使模拟结果更具可靠性,研究结论可为尾矿库安全生产提供高效的预测、预警、预防能力。

3D laser scanning technology is a technology that uses laser pulses to scan the surface of an object to obtain its surface feature information.In this paper,the technology is used to obtain high-precision surface point cloud data of tailings reservoir and its surrounding areas.Through data splicing,denoising,modeling and other processing,combined with design parameters,the final stacking model of tailings reservoir is completed.The surface and stacking model of tailings reservoir is established by using particle flow software PFC 3D to simulate the impact range of tailings reservoir collapse on the downstream.The simulation results show that:①the high-precision point cloud data have significant advantages in the production of DEM model of tailings reservoir and surrounding surface;②the combination of 3D laser scanning and particle flow technology can establish a high-precision collapse model,making the simulation results more accurate and the impact range more reliable;③according to the velocity curve of monitoring points,the collapse movement process can be known.The collision of particles is intense,which conforms to the rule of collapse movement.According to the research results,the particle flow technology has strong applicability to the simulation analysis of tailings reservoir collapse.Especially with the introduction of 3D laser scanning technology,high-precision topographic data makes the simulation results more reliable.The research conclusion can provide efficient prediction,early warning and prevention capabilities for the safety production of tailings reservoir.