“超”类词程度用法演变的跟踪考察及其思考

A Follow-up Study and Reflections on the Evolution of Degree-indicating Words of the chao(超) Class

虽然表程度的"超""巨""暴""狂"流行的时间大致相同,人们也往往将它们放在一起来讨论,但是经过十多年,这四个词的变化情况却并不一致,目前"超"已经发展成为现代汉语程度副词中的一员;"巨"依然活跃于人们的口语及网络,地方性的报纸也偶有使用;而"暴"与"狂"目前在口语和网络中都较少使用,纸质媒体中更少。这种不同只有通过跟踪考察才能知晓,也只有通过跟踪考察才能更好地了解它们的发展变化情况及各自使用的稳定程度或生命力等,所以对新语法现象的跟踪考察研究是非常重要的:可以提高定性研究的准确性,可以帮助我们了解新语法现象的发展变化趋势以及判断某一新语法现象是否为临时的活用或修辞现象等。

Although chao(超),ju(巨),bao(暴)and kuang(狂)came into fashion at roughly the same-around 2005- and people tend to draw no distinctions between them,these four words exhibit a diversification of usage after the development of more than a decade.While chao has currently developed into one of the adverbs of modern Chinese and ju is still active in colloquialism,on the network,and occasionally in the local newspapers,bao and kuang are less frequently used in these areas and are almost never used in the paper media,As such differences can only be brought to light by a follow-up study,it is important to conduct follow-up studies of a new grammar phenomenon in order to better understand its development and the stability and the intensity of its vitality.I argue that a follow-up study can improve the accuracy of qualitative research,help us understand the trend of development of a new grammatical phenomenon and determine whether it is just in temporary use or has turned rhetorical.