西江苗寨传统自治组织参与村寨治理研究——基于“寨老制”的发展脉络

Study on the Governance of Villages in the Traditional Self-governing Organization of Xijiang Miao Village: Based on the Development of “Zhailao System”

西江苗寨是一个典型的少数民族旅游村寨,"寨老制"贯穿了苗寨从原始的"化外"之地到旅游胜地的发展历程,反映着西江苗寨的社会变迁和治理的转变,目前"寨老制"以"老年协会"的形式出现,与政府和西江文化旅游公司共同参与西江苗寨景村的治理。景村互嵌改变了村民的生产和生活方式,熟人社会中的规则被经济利益替代,传统治理权威下降,很多治理有效的功能减弱,使"老年协会"产生"名实分离"。西江苗寨景村治理需要多方主体协同治理,重点是要充分发挥"老年协会"的作用,减少村寨纠纷,在旅游发展中保护民族文化,促进苗寨的可持续发展。

Xijiang Miao Village is a typical ethnic tourist village, The "Zhailao system" runs through the development process of Miao Village from the original "outside" to the tourist resort, reflecting the social changes and governance changes of Xijiang Miao village. At present, the "Zhailao system" appears in the form of the "Seniors Association", and participates in the governance of Xijiang Miao village with the government and Xijiang Cultural Tourism Company. The embedding of scenic spots and communities has changed the production and lifestyle of the villagers. The rules in the acquaintance society have been replaced by economic interests, the traditional governance authority has declined, and many effective functions have been weakened, which has caused the "Seniors Association" to "separating from the names". The inter-integration of scenic spots and communities in Xijiang Miao Village requires the coordination of multiple subjects. The key point is to pay attention to the role of the "Seniors Association", reduce village disputes, protect national culture in tourism development, and promote the sustainable development of Miao Village.