高能脉冲精密冷焊的电弧特性和增材制造成形能力

Arc characteristics of high-energy pulsed precision cold welding and forming ability of additive manufacturing

进行了高能脉冲精密冷焊的电弧特性试验和各类零件的增材制造试验,根据脉冲电流和电压波形分析了脉冲电弧的特性,根据堆焊零件的成形情况分析了其增材制造成形能力。结果表明,高能脉冲精密冷焊的输出电流为脉冲方波,产生断续的脉冲电弧;其脉冲时间短,电弧能量密度高,冷却时间长,热输入小,零件变形小;在堆焊成形过程中,工件处于冷态,熔池存在时间短,不会出现焊缝熔池流淌现象,堆焊零件的成形精度高,具有复杂零件的增材制造成形能力;该方法可用于较小的几何形状复杂零件的增材制造,也可用于精密零件的增材制造成形修复。

The arc characteristics test of high-energy pulsed precision cold welding and additive manufacturing test of various parts were carried out,and the characteristics of pulsed arc were analyzed based on the pulsed current and voltage waveform. According to the forming characteristics of the surfacing parts,the additive manufacturing forming ability was analyzed. The results show that the output current of high-energy pulsed precision cold welding is pulsed square wave and the pulsed arc is intermittent. The pulsed arc has short pulse time,high arc energy density and long cooling time makes heat input less,thus the deformation of parts is small. During the surfacing forming process,the workpiece is in a cold state,and the molten pool exists for a short time and does not flow out. The surfacing forming parts have high forming accuracy.This method has the forming ability of complex parts,which can be used for additive manufacturing of complex parts with small geometric and additive forming repair of precision parts.