基于实践能力培养的工程教育课程改革——以昆士兰大学项目中心型课程为例

Reform in Engineering Education Curriculum Based on Practice Ability: Exemplified by the Project Centred Curriculum of University of Queensland

为了提升学生工程实践能力,澳大利亚昆士兰大学建立了"项目中心型课程",基于真实的社会工程问题,要求学生设计解决方案并建构工程模型。从毕业生素质、学习目标、学习活动、评估工作到评估规则和标准等方面,教学模型的原则始终贯彻在对学生工程实践能力包括学生知识运用能力、问题分析能力、解决方案设计能力、项目管理实施能力、沟通合作能力的培养方面,以期培养出适合21世纪需要的工科毕业生。文章对项目中心型课程的实施特色进行了评述,以期对中国工科学生工程实践能力培养的课程设计提供启迪。

In order to improve engineering practice ability of students,the project centered curriculum is established by the University of Queensland,Australia.Projects are designed to be substantial pieces of original work that simulate real engineering practice using topical tasks and problems sourced from industry and research.The students are asked to design engineering solutions and build the models.With the aim of cultivating the engineering graduates demanded in the 21st century,the aspects of graduate attributes,learning objectives,learning activities,assessment tasks and assessment criteria&standards are used by the principle of pedagogical model to develop the ability to apply knowledge,analyze problems,design solutions,manage projects and communicate effectively.This paper described and discussed the features of the project centered curriculum by the University of Queensland,Australia,so that our country could draw inspiration for the curriculum design of students engineering practice.