滨海城市减灾体系与减灾行动规划研究——以路易斯安那州为例

Coastal City Disaster Mitigation System and Action Planning——Taking Louisiana as an Example

路易斯安那州建立了减灾体系和减灾行动规划以应对高发灾害带来的财产损失。减灾体系包括由本州政府、机构、组织以及各个部门提出的以提升减灾能力和降低灾害脆弱性为目标的减灾计划,人力、技术和财务3个层次的灾害管理系统,以及以历史性财产和本州应对灾害能力为主的减灾评估。减灾行动规划的优先级排序按照风险评估、与灾害分区计划的联系、能够实现减灾目标的程度以及可定量等4个标准评定,包括规划的执行及规划的监测和审查2个部分。以此减灾管理方法为鉴,希望对中国沿海省份在减灾目标和任务方面提供参考。

In order to deal with property damage caused by high- risk disasters, Louisiana has established a mitigation system and mitigation action planning. The mitigation system includes the mitigation action planning focusing on enhancing mitigation ability and reducing disaster vulnerability developed by local government, organization, agency and department, disaster management system in levels of human resource, technology and finance, and the mitigation estimation based on the abilities of historical assets and the state in response to disasters. The mitigation action planning is evaluated according to four standards of on basis of risk assessment, linkage with parishes plan, contribution to the implementation of disaster mitigation goals, and quantification, which includes planning implementation, and planning monitoring as well as review. Under this guidance, it is hoped to give reference to China's coastal provinces in the mitigation goals and tasks.