日本景观意识和景观政策的发展

Development of Landscape Consciousness and Landscape Policy in Japan

日本于2004年出台《景观法》及相关法律,确立了现行景观政策“景观绿三法”的体系框架。而在其确立过程中,景观意识和景观政策条例的前期积累,发挥了重要作用。从景观史学角度出发,以古代至近现代的时间轴梳理了日本景观意识与景观政策各自不同发展阶段的内涵与特点,并初步探讨了两者之间的相互影响关系,从而得出日本现行景观政策与国民景观意识形成良好的正反馈关系的结论,期望为今后中国城市景观政策体系的建设提供参考和借鉴。

In 2004,"Landscape Act" and relevant laws were introduced in Japan. They established current landscape policy system, which were influenced by accumulation of early landscape policies and national landscape consciousness. From the perspective of landscape history, this research chronologically analyzed the connotation and characteristics of landscape consciousness and landscape polices at different periods. After discussing the relationships between landscape consciousness and policies at different periods, it proved that current landscape policies and national landscape consciousness in Japan had formed good positive feedback relationships. It is expected to provide reference for future urban landscape policy system establishment of China.