论形声字声符的互通——以“躳”“躬”二字为例

The Research on the Interworking of the Phonetic Symbols in the Phonetic Characters——Take "Gong(躳)" and "Gong(躬)" as Examples

声符"呂"与声符"弓"古音相近,可以互通,发生互换。"躳"字出现于战国楚文字,不久后在楚文字中出现异体"躬"字,东汉以后"躬"替代"躳"成为社会主要流行用字,但"躳"字并未被完全废弃,仍偶尔作为异体字出现。"宮"的初文"呂"参构形声字"躳"作声符可能含有相连义。"躬"字本义为"身体",后产生"弯曲"义的原因可能与声符"弓"的形体特殊性有关。

The ancient pronunciation of the phonetic symbol "Gong(呂)" was similar to that of the phonetic symbol "Gong(弓)", which could be exchanged. The character "Gong(躳)" appeared in the Chu script of the Warring States period, and later the variant form "Gong(躬)" appeared. After the Eastern Han Dynasty,"Gong(躬)" replaced "Gong(躳)",becoming the main popular character in society. But "Gong(躳)" was not completely abandoned and occasionally appeared as the variant form."Gong(呂)",the protoform character of "Gong(宮)",might contain the meaning of "connected" when used in the formation of the phonetic character "Gong(躳)" as the phonetic symbol. The initial meaning of the character "Gong(躬)" was "body", and the reason for the production of the meaning of "bending" might be related to the special form of the phonetic symbol "Gong(弓)".