同位素示踪农业应用的研究热点

Hotspot Fields of Isotopes Tracing in Agricultural Science

为深入了解同位素示踪技术的特点和优势,重点总结了近年来在农业科学相关领域的一些应用研究热点。15N、32P示踪为揭示作物营养元素有效转化机理,创建养分高效利用技术模式提供重要支持。13C、15N示踪在土壤有机碳循环、温室气体减排研究中,凸显了独特优势。14C示踪为我国自主创制的新农用化学物质生态环境影响评价,提供重要技术支撑。稳定性同位素比率、δ^13C等同位素指纹技术,为明确农田污染物的环境行为、解析污染源,提供了重要手段;为国家名特优农产品原产地溯源,提供原创的技术性思路。109Cd、65Zn示踪为揭示土壤重金属镉、锌污染环境行为,提供不可或缺的技术支持。环境核素7Be、137Cs示踪在生态系统稳定性研究方面,发挥了不可替代的作用。

For better understanding the traits and advantages of the isotopes tracing technology,the research hotspot fields of isotopes technology in agricultural sciences were reviewed.15N and 32P tracing technology being applied to study the nutrient transformation,provided important theory support for efficient utilization of nutrients.13C and 15N tracing technology used extensively in soil organic carbon cycling and greenhouse emissions,showed prominent advantages among traditional technologies.14C tracing technology performed important technical support for environmental impact assessment of new agricultural chemicals.Isotopic fingerprint technology,such as stable isotope ratio andδ^13C,provided an important tool for analysis of environmental behavior of agricultural pollutants and its traceability.This technology also provided technical ideas for tracing the source of high quality agricultural produce.109Cd and 65Zn tracing technology provided indispensible technical support for studying environmental behavior of Cd and Zn.7Be and 137Cs tracing technology also used as a unique tool for studying ecosystem stability.