地铁再生制动系统仿真及节能优化研究

Research on Simulation and Energy Saving Optimization of Regenerative Braking System for Subway

将列车简化为受控电流源,建立逆变回馈式牵引供电系统模型,在Simulink软件中将该模型串联建立地铁列车全线系统模型,以计算各牵引变电所的电压变化曲线及列车通过再生制动逆变回馈的能量。以地铁列车全线对向开行时供电臂和走行轨等效电阻的损耗功率最小作为优化目标,对牵引变电所设置策略进行优化;为延长相邻列车牵引和制动的总重叠时间,采用引力搜索算法对列车运行图进行优化。以某在建地铁为例,为减少电网能耗和提高再生能量的利用,仿真研究牵引变电所的优化设置和列车运行图的优化调整。结果表明:牵引变电所位置应尽量均布设置;采用引力搜索算法优化列车运行图,可最大化相邻列车牵引和制动的叠加时间,改善节能效率。

The model of the inverter-feedback type traction power supply system was established by simplifying a train into a controlled current source.By using Simulink software,a full-line system model of the subway train in series was built,the voltage variation curve of each traction substation as well as the energy via the regenerative braking inverter feedback was calculated.With the optimization target of minimizing the power loss of the equivalent resistance of power supply arm and the running rail when full line subway trains running in opposite directions,the setting strategy of traction substations was optimized.In order to prolong the total overlap time of the traction and braking of adjacent trains,train working diagram was optimized by gravitational search algorithm.Taking a subway under construction as an example,in order to reduce the energy consumption of power grid and improve the utilization of regenerative energy,the optimized setting of traction substations and the optimized adjustment of train working diagram were studied by simulation.It is found that the locations of traction substations should be set as evenly as possible.By using the gravitational search algorithm to optimize train working diagram,the overlap time of the traction and braking of adjacent trains can be maximized and the energy saving efficiency can be improved at the same time.