基于新工科和“双创”两翼驱动的人才培养路径研究

The New Era Talent Training Approach Based on Two Wings Driving of New Engineering and the Idea of Entrepreneurship and Innovation

工程教育作为实现创新创业的主要力量,开展新工科内涵建设和高素质创新性人才培养迫在眉睫。创业方面,“新工科”更加强调学科的实用性、交叉性和综合性,注重信息通讯、电子控制、软件设计与传统工业技术的融合,满足新时代创业人才需求。创新方面,“新工科”要突破传统工科专业细分的范式,既要培养学生扎实的核心专业能力,还要强调跨界思维和技能的培养。基于此,提出了以“新工科”和“双创”教育两翼驱动的新时代人才“一脊两翼”平台培养路径。“新工科”以跨专业、多学科的“合”为导向,“双创”以创新精神、创业能力的“创”为核心,在专业核心能力和通识教育的脊柱根基之上,实现学生跨界和创新能力的培养,突破知识到能力有效转化的瓶颈,最终实现“新工科”和“双创”教育相得益彰的人才培养格局。

Engineering education,as the main force to accomplish innovation and entrepreneurship,urgently needs to carry out the construction of“New Engineering Disciplines”and the cultivation of high-quality innovative talents.In terms of entrepreneurship,“New Engineering Disciplines”emphasizes the practicability,interdisciplinarity and comprehensiveness,and focuses on the integration of information communication,electronic control,software design and traditional industrial technology,and meets the requirements of entrepreneurial talents in the new era.In terms of innovation,“New Engineering Disciplines”should break through the paradigm of traditional engineering sub-disciplines,not only to cultivate students’strong core professional capabilities,but also to emphasize the cultivation of crossover thinking and skills.Based on this,the training path of the“One Spine and Two Wings”platform for the new era talents driven by the“New Engineering Disciplines”and“Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education”is proposed in this paper.“New Engineering Disciplines”is guided by“combination”which means interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary integration.“Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education”is centered on“creation”which includes innovation spirits and entrepreneurial capabilities.Based on the spinal roots of core professional competences and general education,the students'crossover and innovation abilities are cultivated,and the bottleneck of the knowledge-to-ability transformation efficiency is broken through.Finally,the talent cultivation pattern on the supplement and complement of“New Engineering Disciplines”and“Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education”shall be eventually realized.