周琦的哲学思想与和合意蕴研究

Zhou Qi’s Philosophical Thought and Harmonious Characteristics

明儒周琦历时五十年撰就的《东溪日谈录》是为数不多的被“四库全书”收录的广西理学著述,是研究周琦哲学思想的直接资料。在该书中,周琦建构了“天地万物皆根于太极”的太极本原论、“天地间理气只是一事”的理气一体论和“心本有性,非从心生”的心性合一论哲学体系,并直接继承孟子哲学,提出了“心学”工夫概念,具有发明本心的心学意味。周琦哲学思想是对宋元理学的总结和内部矛盾的调和,具有明显的和合意蕴,反映了明代中期理学家们开始对宋元理学进行内部批判和综合创新的理论自觉。

Zhou Qi’s book Dong Xi Ri Tan Lu is one of the few Guangxi Confucianists’ works collected by the Si Ku Quan Shu . His Neo-Confucian thoughts were reflected in this book. For instance, he argued that Tai Ji is the noumenon of all things, and the core components of Neo-Confucianism such as Li, Qi, Xin, Xing, Yin and Yang, and Five Elements are included in Tai Ji. It is summarized that there are three aspects in Zhou Qi’s philosophical thoughts: everything is born from Tai Ji;Li and Qi are same;and Xin and Xing are integrated. Meanwhile, Zhou Qi put forward the concept of Gong Fu in the philosophy of the mind based on Mencius’s thoughts. This paper concludes that there is obvious harmonious characteristic in Zhou Qi’s philosophical thoughts, which indicates that Neo-Confucianists in the Mid-Ming dynasty had begun to criticize the early Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and begun to create new thoughts consciously.