肠道菌群在天然免疫系统中的作用

Interplay between the Gut Microbiota and the Innate Immune System

人体微生物群在调控黏膜局部稳态中的重要性受到广泛重视,有关微生物群与免疫相互作用的研究在近几年亦取得了很大进展。肠道菌群作为人体微生物群的重要组成部分,在维持肠道宿主防御和免疫耐受二者平衡方面发挥关键作用。肠道菌群失调也被众多研究证实与免疫系统改变相关。本文主要围绕肠道相关淋巴组织、天然免疫淋巴细胞和吞噬细胞等几个方面,阐述肠道菌群在天然免疫系统中的作用。

The significance of microbiota in regulating mucosal homeostasis has been addressed intensively in recent years. Meanwhile, research on human microorganism communities and their interaction with the immune system has achieved great advancement. As an essential component of the human microbiota, the gut commensal flora plays a unique role in maintaining a sophisticated balance between host defense and immune tolerance. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota may result in alterations of the innate immune system via multiple strategies. This review summarizes the underlying mechanisms of the interplay between microbiota and the innate immune system, focusing on gut-associated lymphoid tissue, innate lymphoid cells, and phagocytes.