后苏联时代俄罗斯远东及西伯利亚的少数民族政策

Minority policies of the Russian Far East and Siberia in the post-Soviet era

对民族/国家边界再生的认知是一个封闭的自我指涉过程,它产生于自身的内部操作,而不是通过信息的输入/输出与其他对象的相互作用的结果。以后苏联时代俄罗斯对远东和西伯利亚的民族政策为例,来阐明这一过程不仅是谈判或社会建设的结果,而且是一种认知结构与民族/国家群体之间形成的复杂的相互关系。同时也阐释了俄罗斯民族政策在社会中产生失望的背景下,强烈的民族主义情绪形成的原因。表明失望的期望作为政治意识形态回归国家话语后,有助于维护政府的合法性、国家/民族观念的合法性,并激励社会继续进行国家建设进程。

This work is an attempt to describe the cognitive aspect of ethnic/national boundaries reproduction as a closed self-referential process that produces itself from its own internal operation and not from interaction with other objects through input/output of information. It shows on the example of ethnic policies in the Russian Far East and Siberia in the Post-Soviet period that this process is not simply the result of negotiations or social construction but complex interrelation between cognitive structures and the formation of ethnic/national groups. The article also shows how nationalist sentiments become stronger in spite of disappointments that ethnic policies produce in society. It demonstrates that disappointed expectations return into national discourse as political ideologies that help preserve the government's legitimacy, legitimacy of the idea of nation/ethnicity and motivate the society to continue the nation-building process.