油罐车后保险杠耐撞性设计仿真

Design and Crash-Worthiness Analysis of Rear Bumper of the Tank

研究油罐车后保险杠防护问题,传统油罐车后保险杠在追尾碰撞事故中不能有效保护油罐车罐体。为了提高油罐车后保险杠耐撞性,避免追尾碰撞中油罐车罐体破裂、运输油泄露从而导致二次特重大交通事故。以某后保险杠为设计原型,在保证轻质性的前提下设计了一种泡沫铝填充结构油罐车后保险杠。然后基于ANSYS LS-DYNA软件对两种结构后保险杠耐撞性进行有限元仿真分析,得出其碰撞变形云图、应力云图、吸能性和加速度响应曲线等主要参数并进行对比分析。结果表明,与原型结构油罐车后保险杠相比,泡沫铝填充结构油罐车后保险杠质量、最大变形、应力和加速度均降低,吸能性显著提高。证明泡沫铝填充结构油罐车后保险杠在提高油罐车节能性、环保性特别是安全性方面的有效性。

The rear bumper of the traditional tanker can not effectively protect the tanker in a rear-end collision accident.In order to improve the crashworthiness of the rear bumper tanker and avoid rear-end collision tanker tank rupture,leakage of transport oil,which results in a second major heavy traffic accidents,a rear bumper of the tank was designed as a prototype for the design of rear bumper filled with foam aluminum,to ensure the quality reduction as a prerequisite.And then,the Crash-worthiness of two kinds of rear bumper structures was analyzed with finite element method based on ANYSY LS-DYNA,and the results of deformation clouds map,stress cloud map,energy absorption and acceleration were compared and analyzed.Finally,the results show that the Crash-worthiness of rear bumper filled with foam aluminum is significantly improved and the mass is reduced,compared with the prototype structure rear bumper,which proves the effectiveness of the method.