内镜在原发性十二指肠占位性病变中的应用价值

Therapeutic value of endoscopy for primary duodenal lesions

目的评估内镜治疗原发性十二指肠占位性病变的应用价值。方法以2015年1月至2018年1月在首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院接受内镜下治疗的原发性十二指肠占位性病变的79例患者为研究对象,根据手术结果分为并发症组与无并发症组,并根据病灶位置及内镜类别进一步分组,回顾性研究患者基线信息、内镜诊疗、创面封闭方式、病理结果和并发症的发生与转归等资料。结果79例患者均成功完成内镜下治疗,其中内镜黏膜切除术(EMR)59例,内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)5例,耙状金属夹闭合系统(OTSC)辅助的全层切除6例,内镜下分片黏膜切除术(EPMR)9例。全组79例操作围手术期发生并发症8例(10.1%),均发生于降部及乳头部,十二指肠降段及乳头部的并发症发生率(17.0%,8/47)显著高于非降段及乳头部(球腔、球降交界、水平段)(0,0/32),差异具有统计学意义(P=0.012)。共有2例(2.5%)出现需要内镜或外科手术进一步干预的并发症。在全部47例十二指肠乳头及降部的操作中,并发症发生率为17.0%(8/47),其中1例患者(2.1%)出现术中穿孔,1例患者(2.1%)术后出现迟发出血,6例患者(12.8%)出现轻度急性胰腺炎,患者经治疗后均好转。47例患者根据使用内镜不同,分为十二指肠镜组和胃镜组。十二指肠镜组并发症发生率也显著高于胃镜组并发症发生率[28.0%(7/25)比4.5%(1/22),P=0.037]。结论内镜下治疗原发性十二指肠占位性病变是安全有效的,对于十二指肠降段及乳头部的操作和使用十二指肠镜的情况下,要更加警惕并发症的发生。

Objective To study the therapeutic value of endoscopy for primary duodenal lesions. Methods Data of 79 consecutive patients with primary duodenal lesions, who underwent endoscopic treatment from January 2015 to January 2018 at Beijing Friendship Hospital, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the complication group and the non-complication group, and further grouped according to lesion locations and endoscopic categories. Baseline data of patients, endoscopic treatment, wound closure method, pathological results, the occurrence and outcome of complications were studied. Results A total of 79 patients successfully went through endoscopic treatment, including 59 cases of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), 5 cases of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), 6 cases of full-thickness resection with OTSC metal clips, and 9 cases of endoscopic piecemeal mucosal resection (EPMR). In all 79 cases, complications occurred in 8 patients (10.1%) during the perioperative period, all at the duodenal descending segment and duodenal papilla. In all 47 cases whose lesions located at duodenal papilla and duodenal descending segment, the complication incidence was 17.0%(8/47), significantly higher than that of non-descending and papilla part [0 (0/32), P=0.012]. Two (2.5%) cases had complications requiring further intervention with endoscopy or surgery. Among 8 patients with complications, 1 patient (2.1%) developed intraoperative perforation, 1 patient (2.1%) developed delayed bleeding, 6 patients (12.8%) developed mild acute pancreatitis, and these 8 patients recovered after treatment. These 47 patients were further divided into the duodenoscopy group and the gastroscopy group according to endoscopic categories, the complications incidence in the duodenoscopy group (28.0%, 7/25) was also significantly higher than that in the gastroscopy group [4.5%(1/22), P=0.037]. Conclusion Endoscopic treatment is safe and effective for primary duodenal lesions. But for the operations in the duodenal descending segment and the duodenal papilla, as well as in the case of duodenoscopy, it is necessary to be more vigilant about the occurrence of complications.