术中甲状旁腺定位技术研究进展

Intraoperative parathyroid localization techniques: recent progress

甲状旁腺是调节机体钙磷代谢的重要内分泌腺,分别位于左右两叶甲状腺背面,或埋在其中。甲状旁腺损伤可导致以甲状旁腺功能低下为主的一系列症状,严重影响患者的生活质量。因此甲状腺等颈部手术过程中,对于甲状旁腺的术中定位极为重要,可以有效避免甲状旁腺的损伤。笔者主要从术中甲状旁腺激素快速检测、近红外荧光显像技术、纳米炭负显影技术、^(99m)Tc-甲氧基异丁基异晴显像技术、光学相干断层成像术这5个方面介绍了甲状旁腺术中定位技术进展,更好的为临床甲状旁腺术中保护提供帮助。

Parathyroid glands are important endocrine organs for regulation of the calcium and phosphorus metabolism, attached to the posterior side of both left and right lobes of the thyroid gland, or imbedded within the thyroid gland. Parathyroid injury can lead to a series of symptoms mainly associated with hypoparathyroidism, which seriously affect the patients’ quality of life. Therefore, during surgery of the neck such as thyroidectomy, the intraoperative localization of the parathyroid glands is extremely important, which can effectively avoid parathyroid gland injury. Here, the authors mainly address the progress of intraoperative localization of the parathyroid glands in five aspects that include the intraoperative rapid detection of parathyroid hormone, near-infrared fluorescence imaging, nanocarbon negative contrast imaging, 99mTc-methoxyisobutyl isonitrile imaging and optical coherence tomography, so as to provide help for better intraoperative protection of the parathyroid glands.