肺结节患者术前心理状况的调查分析

The survey and analysis of preoperative psychological state in patients with pulmonary nodules

目的调查肺结节患者术前心理状况,使宣教内容更加“个体化和人性化”。方法 2018年5~7月对我科连续收治的107例肺结节患者进行问卷调查,其中男54例、女53例,平均年龄(56.8±11.2)岁。问卷内容包括两部分:一是被调查者的个人基本情况;二是与手术、并发症、随访、住院费用等相关的20个问题。结果(1)体检(60.7%)仍是发现肺结节的主要方法,52.3%的患者首选外科治疗;(2)病情程度和手术效果(64.5%)是患者最关注的问题,30.0%的患者担心非主刀医生手术;(3)手术风险(5.6%)和术后并发症(14.9%)是易被患者忽略的问题;(4)医疗费用并非患者首要关注,仅有1.9%的患者认为医生故意使用非必需品造成费用增加;(5)网络随访被患者广泛接受(94.4%)。结论了解患者术前真实心理状态,有助于医护人员术前宣教更加准确有效。

Objective To investigate the preoperative psychological state of patients with pulmonary nodules in order to make the content of the education more "individualized and humanized". Methods We conducted a consecutive questionnaire study for 107 patients who were planning to undergo pulmonary resection surgery from May 2018 to July 2018 in our department. There were 54 males and 53 females with an average age of 56.8±11.2 years. The questionnaire content included two parts: personal basic information and 20 questions about surgery, complications, follow-up and hospitalization expense. Results There were 60.7% of the patients diagnosed with pulmonary nodules by CT scan during physical examination, and 52.3% of the patients had strong will to undergo pulmonary surgery to resect nodules;64.5% of patients wanted doctors to tell them the extent of the disease and whether the tumor could be cured by surgery, and 30.0% of patients concerned whether chief surgeon would complete the whole surgery. The surgery risk and postoperative complications were ignored by patients easily (5.6% and 14.9% respectively). The hospital expenses were not the primary concern of patients. Only 1.9% of patients believed that doctors used nonessentials which deliberately led to increased costs. Network follow-up was accepted by most patients (94.4%). Conclusion It will contribute to improve preoperative education rationality and effectiveness by understanding true psychological state of patients.