从速度到质量:引入环境指标的中国省会城市发展综合效率再测度

From Speed to Quality: The Re-Estimation of China’s Metropolis’ Urbanization Comprehensive Efficiency by Introducing the Environmental Indicator

依据中国城市化发展的现实情况,以党的十九大报告中"建设质量强国、坚持质量第一、绿色环保GDP"的精神为指导思想,文章在传统城市发展综合效率三要素的研究基础上,引入了环境类指标,不仅使文章的研究与中国经济发展的现实情况和国家宏观战略更加契合,还提高了城市发展综合效率测算的准确性。文章以我国4个直辖市、26个省会级城市和香港特别行政区为研究对象,从静态和动态两个方面对其进行详细的实证检验,测算出每个城市的综合效率,并分解为规模效率和技术效率。研究表明,中国省会级城市的发展呈现出不均衡的状态,可以划分为三个梯队。其中,北京、上海和广州的城市化发展水平已经与香港近似;一些西部省会级城市的城市发展综合效率还相对较低;此外,很多大陆地区城市效率的增长率已经超过香港,具备了"后发优势",有望实现赶超。最后,文章提出了相关政策建议。

According to the situation of China's urban development and the spirit of Report of the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China which include the country based on quality, the quality is first and the green GDP. First of all, we introduce the environmental indicators that develop the traditional researches from three elements to four. As a result the new method may not only fit the situation of Chinese economic reform and the macro strategy of the government but also can improve the accuracy of urbanization efficiency measurement. We calculate the urbanization efficiency about the four municipalities, 26 provincial capitals and the Hong Kong special administrative region from both static and dynamic standpoints. The integrated efficiency of each city is measured and decomposed into scale efficiency and technical efficiency. The empirical tests show us three important conclusions. Firstly, the development of China's metropolis presents an unbalanced situation. Secondly, the urbanization efficiency of some western metropolis is still low. At last, the growth rate of the urbanization efficiency about many metropolis of China's Mainland is higher than HK and we can make a conclusion that these cities have a potential advantage.