实验经济学方法下的农户绿色农药选择行为研究

Study on Farmers’ Green Pesticide Selection Behaviors Based on Experimental Economics

文章借助实验经济学的研究方法,通过Ztree软件构建了不同信息传递环境、绿色农药购置补贴以及风险因素下的模拟实验。研究发现:农户在半透明与完全封闭的信息传递环境下,其绿色农药投入量并无显著差异,而当信息环境完全透明时,农户的绿色农药投入量显著下降,甚至出现"跟风"现象;在提供绿色购置补贴的情形下,农产的绿色农药使用量显著提高,当补贴额度与绿色溢价之和超过两种农药的价格差时,农户绿色农药投入量会达到最大值,农户绿色农药投入量与补贴额度变化趋势一致,但农户在选择过程中未产生"现状偏见";强调规避损失的激励模式效果优于强调获得的激励模式效果,等量损失比等量获得对农户选择行为的影响更大。

Based on experimental economics research methods, this study used Ztree software to construct three production scenarios, which were different information delivery environments, green subsidies, and risk preferences. We found that there were no significant difference between closed environment and half-transparent environment, but when the information was completely open, farmers' behaviors changed significantly with the phenomenon of imitation. We also found that green subsides promoted the use of green pesticides significantly compared none subsidies. Furthermore, when the sum of premiums exceeded the price difference between the two pesticides, the farmer will get the maximum of profit, but no phenomenon of "status bias". At last, the incentive policy that emphasizes avoidance of losses was more effective than incentives, and equal losses affected more than the equivalent amount of access to households.