苏州市学府社区65岁及以上老年人体检结果分析

Analysis of physical examination results of elderly people aged 65 or above in Xuefu community of Suzhou

目的中国慢性病死亡占总死亡人数的86.6%,远高于全球水平,其中心脑血管疾病、癌症和慢性呼吸系统疾病是3大主要死因。本研究通过对苏州市高新区横塘街道学府社区≥65岁居民的健康体检结果进行分析,了解老年人的身体健康状况以及患病分布特点,为社区老年人心脑血管疾病早期防治提供依据。方法 2017-04-01-2017-07-30,对自愿参加苏州市高新区横塘街道社区卫生服务中心健康体检的218名≥65岁居民进行血压、血常规、血生化、腹部超声和心电图等检查,并对检查结果进行统计分析。结果 218名≥65岁居民患病构成比为96.3%,>2种疾病的患病构成比为54.2%,患病率居前5位的疾病依次是高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、消化系统疾病以及心肌缺血。高血压患病率为72.0%,控制率55.5%,患病率和控制率均高于全国水平。糖尿病患病率13.8%,未控制率43.3%,患病率较高、控制率较低。高血压合并糖尿病占11.5%,高脂血症占58.7%,心电图检查异常率为53.2%;高血压合并心电图异常率为40.8%。老年女性单纯收缩期高血压(χ~2=3.923,P=0.048)、总胆固醇增高(χ~2=19.638,P<0.001)、三酰甘油增高(χ~2=13.267,P<0.001)、总胆固醇与三酰甘油均升高(χ~2=9.699,P<0.001)患病率均高于男性。糖尿病患病率男女差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。结论苏州市学府社区老年人群是高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、消化系统疾病以及心肌缺血的高危人群。老年女性高血压、高脂血症患病率高于老年男性。需根据疾病谱及程度,制定针对慢性病的预防和控制措施,积极控制相关危险因素,减少心血管事件的发生。

OBJECTIVE Chronic diseases account for 86.6% of all deaths in China,which is much higher than the global level.Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,cancer and chronic aspiration diseases are the three major causes of death.This study analyzes the health examination results of residents aged 65 or older in Hengtang Street Community of Suzhou High-tech District,to understand the health status and distribution characteristics of the elderly,and to provide evidence for the early prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among the elderly in the community.METHODS From April 1,2017 to July 30,2017,the blood pressure,blood routine,blood biochemistry,abdominal B-mode ultrasonography and electrocardiogram were examined in 218 residents over 65 years old who volunteered to participate in the health examination of Community Health Service Center in Suzhou High-tech District,and the results were analyzed statistically.RESULTS The 218 patients aged ≥65 years old had a disease composition ratio of 96.3%,and the disease composition ratio of the two diseases was 54.2%.The top five diseases were hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,digestive diseases,and myocardial ischemia.The prevalence and control rate of hypertension were 72.0% and 55.5%,which were higher than the national level.The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 13.8% and the uncontrolled rate was 43.3%.The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was higher and the control rate was lower.Hypertension with diabetes accounted for 11.5%,hyperlipidemia accounted for 58.7%,abnormal rate of electrocardiogram examination was 53.2%,and hypertension with abnormal rate of electrocardiogram accounted for 40.8%.Elderly women had increased isolated systolic hypertension(χ^2=3.923,P=0.048),total cholesterol(χ^2=19.638,P<0.001),triglyceride(χ^2=13.267,P<0.001),total cholesterol and triglycerides.The prevalence(χ^2=9.699,P<0.001) was higher than that of males.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of diabetes between men and women(P>0.05).CONCLUSIONS The elderly people in Xuefu community of Suzhou are at high risk of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,digestive system diseases and myocardial ischemia.The prevalence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia in elderly women is higher than that in elderly men.It is necessary to formulate prevention and control measures for chronic diseases according to disease spectrum,actively control related risk factors and reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events.