无锡市老年人网络健康信息获取行为影响因素调查分析

Investigation and analysis on influencing factors of internet health information acquisition behavior of the elderly in Wuxi city

目的人口老龄化已经成为一个全球性问题,在人口老龄化与互联网的共同作用下,如何将不断普及的网络媒体发展成为人们获取健康相关信息的重要渠道是互联网及国际护理教育共同追求的目标。本研究探讨老年人网络健康信息获取行为的影响因素,为构建适合老年人的网络健康信息平台提供理论指引与支撑。方法 2017-06-10-2017-07-16通过方便抽样选取无锡市5个社区的230名老年人作为调查对象,以自行设计与健康意识量表相结合的问卷作为调查工具,调查老年人对网络的使用情况、接受程度及其影响因素。结果 18.2%的老年人平常上网,81.8%并不上网;而仅有9.1%会通过网络获取健康信息。不同年龄(χ~2=9.996,P=0.012)、文化程度(χ~2=23.102,P<0.001)、月收入水平(χ~2=13.939,P=0.007)、对上网搜寻信息的态度(χ~2=23.352,P<0.001)和健康意识评分(χ~2=28.412,P<0.001)均是老年人通过网络获取健康信息的影响因素。128名(45.1%)老年人认为使用网络受限最常见的原因是网络操作太复杂,其次为文化程度限制,67名(23.6%)老年人选择该选项;老年人使用网络首先的常见原因还有无电脑或智能手机、身体因素和经济条件的影响等,分别为38名(13.4%)、25名(8.8%)和21名(7.4%)。结论不同年龄、文化程度、月收入水平、对上网搜寻信息的态度和健康意识评分均是老年人通过网络获取健康信息的影响因素。在加强对老年人健康教育的同时也要构建面向老年人的网络健康信息平台。

OBJECTIVE Population aging has become a global problem.Under the joint effect of population aging and the Internet,how to develop the ever-popular network media into an important channel for people to obtain health-related information has become the common goal of the Internet and international nursing education.This study explores the influencing factors of elderly people’s online health information acquisition behavior,and provides theoretical guidance and support for the construction of an online health information platform suitable for the elderly.METHODS Through convenient sampling,230 elderly people from five communities in Wuxi were selected as the subjects.Questionnaires combined with self-designed health awareness scale were used as the tools to investigate the use,acceptance and influencing factors of Internet among the elderly.RESULTS Different ages(χ^2=9.996,P=0.012),education level(χ^2=23.102,P<0.001),economic level(χ^2=13.939,P=0.007),acceptance of network(χ^2=23.352,P<0.001),health awareness(χ^2=28.412,P<0.001) were the influencing factors for the elderly to obtain health information through the Internet.128(45.1%) elderly people thought that the most common reason for the restriction of using the Internet was that the operation of the Internet was too complicated,followed by the educational level restriction.67(23.6%) elderly people chose this option.In addition,the first common reasons for the elderly to use the Internet were whether they had computers or smartphones,the effects of physical factors and economic conditions.The frequency was 38(13.4%),25(8.8%) and 21(7.4%),respectively.CONCLUSIONS Different age,education level,monthly income level,attitude to searching for information on the Internet and health awareness score are all influencing factors for the elderly to obtain health information through the Internet.While strengthening health education for the elderly,we should also build a network health information platform for the elderly.