生活方式干预对冠心病患者的影响

Effect of lifestyle intervention on patients with coronary heart disease

目的探讨生活方式干预对冠心病患者的影响。方法选取稳定型冠心病患者114例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各57例,两组均给予对症药物治疗和常规护理干预,同时观察组患者给予生活方式干预,共干预6个月,干预前后测量患者的血压、血脂、空腹血糖(FBG)、体重、腰围等指标,检测患者的三酰甘油(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)水平。结果干预后两组舒张压、收缩压显著下降,TC、LDL-C 、HDL-C、TG等血脂指标及FBG、腰臀比、体重指数显著降低,明显低于干预前,且观察组显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组吸烟、饮酒者占比显著减少,健康饮食、有氧运动者占比明显提升,与干预前及对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论生活方式干预可有效改善冠心病患者的生活方式,对降低患者心血管风险有积极意义。

Objective To explore the effect of lifestyle intervention on patients with coronary heart disease. Methods A total of 114 patients with stable coronary heart disease were selected.Randomly divided into observation group and control group, 57 cases of each group.Both groups were given symptomatic drug therapy and routine nursing intervention.At the same time, patients in the observation group were given lifestyle intervention for 6 months.Before and after the intervention, blood pressure, blood fat, fasting blood glucose (FBG), body weight, waist circumference and other indicators of the patients were measured, and the levels of triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein(LDL-C)and high-density lipoprotein(HDL-C)were detected. Results After the intervention, diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure of the two groups decreased significantly.TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG and other blood lipid indexes as well as FBG, waist hip rate, and body mass index decreased significantly, which were significantly lower than those before the intervention, and significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group, with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). The proportion of smokers and drinkers in the observation group were significantly reduced, and the proportion of healthy diet and aerobic exercise were significantly increased.Compared with the control group and before the intervention, the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Lifestyle intervention can effectively improve the life style of patients with coronary heart disease, and reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with positive significance.