“并家婚”家庭策略的“双系”实践

The Bilateral Line Practice of the Bilocal Marriage and Family Strategy

二十世纪末开始,在江浙沪皖鄂湘闽川等十余个省的汉族地区,云南白族,广西瑶族、壮族等少数民族地区出现了"并家婚"的新婚姻家庭形式。该形式采取"既嫁又娶",维持宗祧继嗣和传宗接代的理念,又在亲属称谓、居住、亲属关系维系、养老和财产继承中兼顾"双系",是生育政策调整下的新婚姻家庭类型。以浙江田野经验为例,补充他人研究在人生历程、重要民俗及其家事中的具体实践,总结"并家婚"新家庭生活形态,讨论随生育政策调整,"并家婚"作为一种过渡的走向。

The bilocal marriage, a new marriage form, has emerged in many regions. It exists in the areas of Han nationality in more than ten provinces(e.g. Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Anhui, Hubei, Hubei, Hunan, Fujian, and Sichuan province), areas of Bai nationality in Yunnan, areas of Yao and Zhuang nationalities and other ethnic minority areas. The bilocal marriage adopts both taking a wife and marrying a daughter which not only maintains the concept of clan succession and family clans but also takes into account the bilateral descent in the kinship, residence, kinship relations, pension and inheritance. It is a new family type based on the background of the family planning policy. This article takes the experience of Zhejiang field research as an example to supplement the specific practice of others in the course of life, important folklore and family affairs, and summarizes the family live pattern under new marriage form. Moreover, we also discuss the direction of bilocal marriage as a transition form with the adjusting of the birth policy.