滁州市儿童口腔疾病综合干预效果

Effect of comprehensive intervention on children′s oral diseases in Chuzhou

目的探讨实施口腔疾病综合干预项目中窝沟封闭实施2年后对适龄儿童龋病防治效果,了解窝沟封闭质量控制效果。方法选取滁州市参与该项目的2 000名7~9岁二年级儿童作为研究对象,随机将同班级学生均分为试验组和对照组,每组各1 000名,对照组实施口腔检查和口腔卫生宣教,试验组实施口腔检查和第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭。2年后复查儿童第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭及患龋情况。结果试验组患龋率为55.30%,对照组患龋率为75.40%,试验组的患龋率显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。试验组进行窝沟封闭的第一恒磨牙共3 224颗,患龋796颗(24.69%);对照组未进行窝沟封闭的第一恒磨牙共3 278颗,患龋1 154颗(35.20%),试验组患龋率显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。窝沟封闭的第一恒磨牙3 224颗中,封闭剂完全保留627颗(19.45%),封闭剂部分保留1 709颗(53.01%),封闭剂完全脱落888颗(27.54%)。下颌封闭剂保留情况优于上颌,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论儿童口腔综合干预项目中的窝沟封闭可显著降低第一恒磨牙龋坏的发生,是预防龋病的有效措施。

Objective To investigate the effects of pit and fissure sealant on caries prevention and control in school-age children,which was the comprehensive intervention project on oral diseases performed for two years in Chuzhou City,Anhui Province to understand the quality control of pit and fissure sealant.Methods A total of 2 000 second-grade children aged 7-9 years old participating in the project in Chuzhou city were selected as the research subjects and were randomly divided into experimental group and control group( n = 1 000,each ).Theoral examination and oral hygiene education was given in control group,while oral examination and pit and fissure sealant of the first permanent molar was performed in experimental group.Two years later, pit and fissure sealant and caries of the first permanent molar were re-examined.Results The caries rate in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group ( 55.30% vs 75.40%,P < 0.01).In the experimental group, there were 796 dental caries ( 24.69%) out of 3 224 first permanent molars with pit and fissure closure.In control group,there were 1 154 ( 35.20%) dental caries out of 3 278 first permanent molars without pit and fissure closure( P < 0.01).The dental caries rate in experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group ( P < 0.01).Of 3 224 first permanent molars with pit and fissure sealants, the retention rate of the first permanent molar sealing agent was 19.45%,partial retention rate was 53.01%, and complete shedding of sealing agent was 27.54%.The retention rate of sealing agent in the mandibular first permanent molar was statistically higher than that of the maxillary first permanent molar( P < 0.05).Conclusion The pit and fissure sealant in children's oral comprehensive intervention project can significantly reduce the caries incidence in the first permanent molar,and it is an effective measure to prevent caries.