中国地方政府环保责任履行的动力研究——基于浙江省“河长制”政策的分析

Motivation of China′s local governments for fulfillment of environmental protection responsibility:Analysis of "the River Chief System" in Zhejiang Province

落实政府环境保护责任是贯彻绿色发展理念和美丽中国建设的主要任务。根据中央环保督查的结果反馈,一些地方政府仍存在推卸与淡化环保责任的现象。已有研究主要在中央与地方关系范式下,围绕地方行为的激励与约束,认为外部政治力量是推动地方政府履行环保责任的动力因素,但此类解释存在一些不足。文章将多源流分析框架作为理论依据,以浙江省河长制政策为研究对象,探究地方积极履行环保责任的动力条件。研究发现:地方政府履行环保责任是综合问题、政治、政策三个条件及其结合时机的结果;促进地方环保责任履行的动力机制包括激励机制、偏好机制和注意力机制;除外部政治力量外,地方政府间学习、地方发展目标、公众情绪等影响地方环保责任的履行。这些发现有助于探索落实地方环保责任的新路径。

The fulfillment of local governments′environmental protection responsibility is the main task of implementing the concept of green development and the construction of beautiful China.The results of the central environmental supervision show that some local governments still pass the buck of and weaken environmental protection responsibility.The existing studies mainly focus on the inspiration and control of local behaviors under the central and local relation paradigm,and hold that external political forces is the motivation of local governments for fulfillment of environmental protection responsibility,but such explanation has some deficiencies.Based on the multi-stream analysis framework,the River Chief System in Zhejiang Province was investigated and the motivation conditions for local governments to actively fulfill environmental protection responsibility were explored.It was found that fulfillment of environmental protection responsibility by local governments is the result of three conditions(problem,politics and policy)and their combination timing.The motivation mechanisms promoting local governments to fulfill environmental protection responsibility include incentive mechanism,preference mechanism and attention mechanism.Except external political power,local inter-governmental learning,local development objective and public mood influence the fulfillment of environmental protection responsibility by local governments.These findings contribute to exploring the new path for local governments to implement environmental protection responsibility.