论表示“丢失”意义的湘语特征词“着(著)”

On the Characteristic Word zhao(着) Which Means “Loss” in Hunan Dialect

湘语大多数方言点中,表示"丢失"意义的词的语音历史地位是"澄母药韵"。根据这个词的音韵特点,结合这个词的意义来源、引申演变的分析,我们确定这个词的词源(本字)就是"着(著)"。"着(丢失)"在湘语内部的使用具有高度一致性,且对外具有排他性,是湘语的一个特征词。虽然这个词在赣语的个别方言中存在,但是不影响大局,而且这个例外可以认为是方言接触的结果。

Among most of the Hunan dialects,the initial pronunciation of the word "loss" is cheng(澄)and the final is yao(药) respectively. Through the analysis of the phonological features of the word and the source and evolution of the word meaning,this paper determines that the original word is zhao(着). Being a characteristic word of the Hunan dialect,the use of zhao(着) is highly consistent and almost invisible to the external dialects. Although this word exists in some dialects of Gan dialect,it does not affect the overall situation,and this exception can be considered as the result of dialect interaction.