清代西北边疆交通与军事运输

Northwest Frontier Transportation and Military Transportation in Qing Dynasty

清代高度重视西北的交通体系建设,清政府沿河西走廊、内蒙古及外蒙古地区建成了完备的西北边疆交通体系,并逐步完善,为有效治理边疆将提供了可靠保障。左宗棠消灭阿古柏侵略者的战争期间,完善旧的运输体系,开辟了新的运输线路,即从归化城、包头向西,不经乌里雅苏台、科布多,间道到达巴里坤。同时,还开辟了俄国粮源及运输线路,确保了军粮供给,使通往新疆的交通更有保障。

Qing dynasty attached great importance to the construction of transportation system in Northwest China.The Qing government built a complete northwest frontier transportation system along the Hexi Corridor,Inner Mongolia and Outer Mongolia,and gradually improved it,providing a reliable guarantee for the effective governance of frontier areas.During the war of Zuo Zongtang′s elimination of the Yaqub Beg invaders,the old transportation system was perfected,and new transportation routes were opened,that is,from Guihua city and Baotou to the west until into Bari Kun,without passing through Uriah Sutai and Kobu Duo.At the same time,it also opened up Russian grain sources and transportation routes,ensuring the supply of military food and the transportation to Xinjiang more secure.