马克思论世界历史的生成——以资本主义和封建主义矛盾为视角

Marx’s View on the Generation of World History——From the Perspective of the Contradiction between Capitalism and Feudalism

资本主义与封建主义之间的矛盾和资本主义内在矛盾一起构成马克思分析世界历史生成的双重视角,但这一重要视角却往往被人们无意识地忽视。在马克思看来,资本主义与封建主义之间的矛盾运动以资本主义市场经济和封建自然经济的矛盾运动、资产阶级民主政治和封建专制政治的矛盾运动以及资产阶级文化和封建文化的矛盾运动等具体展开形式及其运行逻辑,经由个别国家内部的资本主义战胜封建主义,继而是资本主义在越来越大的世界范围内战胜封建主义等诸多阶段的历史演进过程,渐次推动了具有资本主义性质的世界经济、政治和文化的生成,由此逐渐促成地域历史向世界历史的转变即世界历史的生成。

The contradiction between capitalism and feudalism and the inherent contradiction of capitalism constitute the dual perspective of Marx's world history,but it is often ignored unconsciously.In Marx's view,the contradictory movement between capitalism and feudalism takes the form of the contradictory movement between capitalist market economy and feudal natural economy,bourgeois democratic politics and feudal autocratic politics,and the contradictory movement between bourgeois culture and feudal culture,and its operational logic.Through capitalism in individual countries,feudalism is defeated,then it is the historical evolution process of capitalism in defeating feudalism and many other stages in a wider and wider world.It gradually promotes the generation of the world economy,politics and culture with the nature of capitalism,and gradually facilitating the transformation of regional history to world history,that is,the generation of world history.