演化经济地理学视角下的景区创新路径研究——以西安半坡博物馆景区为例

The evolution and innovation path of scenic spots: A case study of Xi′an Banpo Museum

将演化经济地理学的思想尝试性地运用于景区发展路径的剖析。系统梳理国内外演化经济地理学的发展现状及“演化”视角下的旅游研究进展,运用路径依赖理论以及演化思想,构建旅游景区发展演化的路径模型,并以半坡博物馆旅游景区为例进行实证分析。研究发现:创新是推动旅游景区演化的核心驱动力;在景区路径初始阶段,历史事件或偶然事件是景区发展的主要诱因;在路径发展阶段,突发事件会对旅游景区的发展产生重要(消极或积极)的影响,从而加速景区的衰亡或者进一步创新演化;在路径消亡阶段,内部创新和外部介入是景区打破消极锁定,突破环境制约、进入下一轮循环的重要动力源泉。

From the perspective of the development and evolution of tourist attractions,the evolutionary economic geography(EEG)provides a new and explanatory perspective on the practical problems in the development and change of tourist attractions in the dynamic,non-linear and irreversible historical view.Based on the tourism life cycle model,the path dependence theory and evolutionary thought had been used to explain and construct the model of tourism scenic development and evolution.It is found that in the process of the development of Banpo Museum,the external environment is an important reason for restricting and influencing tourist attractions development.The inner innovation is the driving force,and the scenic area gradually changes from the museum to the urban park due to the innovation and the adaption of the external environment in the evolution process.