旅游者在场情感体验建构:理论模型与实证检验

Construction of Tourist’ Emotional Experience in the On-site Stage:Theoretical Model and Empirical Investigation

以社会建构主义为视角,分析了在场阶段中游客情感体验建构的理论结构模型,识别出地方感和关系承诺等在场情感体验建构的2个直接影响因素,通过结构方程模型实证检验了该理论模型及各结构要素间的作用关系。研究表明:物理情境和社会情境是在场情感体验建构的2个概念要素,并构成了旅游者在场情感体验建构的理论结构模型。地方感与关系承诺是在场情感体验建构的直接影响要素,地方感中的地方认同与地方依赖分别从情感和功能层面正向影响旅游者的情感体验。关系承诺除对情感体验产生直接影响外,还中介了地方感对情感体验的影响。最后,提出游客情感体验提升的建议。

The on-site stage is important for tourists'emotional experience;"integrity"of the tourism experience depends on the congruence and efficient operation of experiential elements.Currently,there is an incomplete understanding of the"essence"of tourists'experience,and a research gap in understanding the implicit characteristics of tourists'experiences remains.Based on the theory of social constructivism,this study analyzes the theoretical framework of tourists'emotional experience construction in the on-site stage and proposes two direct factors that influence emotional experience construction.The theoretical framework is tested,and the interaction between various construction elements is analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling(SEM).Research reveals that the physical and social situations are two conceptual elements that comprise both tourists'actual and theoretical emotional experience in the on-site stage.Short-term contact between the individual and the destination leads to the realization of the tourism experience,and its essence is the emotionalinteraction between the human and the physical situation.The emotional interaction between tourists and local residents,traveling peers,and even scenic service staff can directly affect the degree of emotional experience.Sense of place and relationship commitment are direct factors that construct tourists'emotional experience in the on-site stage.Place identity and dependence positively influence tourists'emotional experience from both emotional and functional perspectives.Tourists'emotional experiences in the on-site stage are primarily borne from place dependence-that is,the individual's bodilyexperience at the destination is the first point of the tourist experience.Place identity affects emotional experience through the“human-human social relationship”approach.This paper develops the scale of relationship commitment in the context of tourism experience.Relationship commitment refers to the emotional engagement that tourists actively experience with others that yields a positive experience.As a latent construct of the second-order structure,relationship commitment is composed of the emotional connection between the tourists with peers and local residents.In addition to directlyinfluencing the emotional experience,relationship commitment also mediates the influence of sense of place on emotional experience.Compared with emotional connections with local residents,the emotional connection between tourists and their peers can influence the tourists'perception of relationship commitment more strongly,which in turn affects the construction of emotional experience.Therefore,the emotional interaction between tourists and their peers is the core of the emotional experience construction.Finally,the article suggests several avenues for improving tourists'emotional experience in national cultural scenic destinations:strengthening the display of the national cultural characteristics of tourism destinations,strengthening the influence of tourists'bodily experiences on the meaning of tourism destinations,enhancing the community residents'affinity for tourism,andestablishing a good social interaction environment.