中美初中“有理数”教学内容比较——以人教版、浙教版和美GMH版教材为例

Comparison of the Teaching Content of “Rational Number” in Middle Schools between China and America ——In the Example of PEP and Zhejiang Education Edition and GMH Edition

基于有理数相关章节的教材内容,从宏观、微观两方面比较中美初中教材的异同,得到浙教版注重知识体验;美GMH版编写体例更丰富;人教版习题综合难度低于其他两版教材等结论.同时提出以下策略:优化中小学知识衔接,帮助学生更快地适应中学数学学习;优化有理数相关概念,帮助学生更好地学习有理数;增添课前准备环节,引导学生更快地进入课堂学习;增添知识回顾环节,帮助学生更好地复习旧知巩固新知;丰富教材知识背景,使教材更加贴近生活,更具科学性;丰富习题数量和类型,帮助学生更好地自主练习、自我检测.

Based on the content of rational number related chapters,this paper compares the similarities and differences between Chinese and American junior middle school textbooks from the macroscopic and microscopic perspectives,and it gets the conclusions:Zhejiang education edition pays attention to knowledge experience;the compilation style of GMH edition is richer;the comprehensive difficulty of exercises in PEP is lower than that in other two editions of textbooks.Then we proposes the following strategies:optimizing the knowledge connection between primary and secondary schools so as to help students adapt to middle school mathematics learning more quickly;optimizing the concepts of rational number so as to help students to learn rational number better;adding pre class preparation to guide students to study faster in class;adding knowledge review link so as to help student review old knowledge and consolidate new knowledge;enriching the knowledge background of the textbook in order to make the textbook more close to life and more scientific;enriching the number and types of exercises so as to help students to better practice independently,self examination.