从“生态自发”到“生态自觉”——太湖流域地区农民垃圾处置行为改变研究

From “Ecological Spontaneity” to “Ecological Consciousness”:Research on Behavioral Change for the Farmers in Taihu Lake Basin to Dispose Trashes

如何应对农村垃圾问题是当前全社会共同面临的难题。农村垃圾处置是否恰当关系到农村环境的稳定、农民生活的幸福与农村社会的和谐。通过理论梳理与实地调查,我们发现太湖流域地区部分农村从本村的实际情况出发来应对农村垃圾问题,取得了不错的效果。农民在垃圾处置过程中转变了环境意识,并改变了自身不恰当的环境行为,认识到环境保护与经济发展之间的内在关系,达到了一种“生态自觉”的状态。太湖流域地区农民垃圾处置行为改变的实践模式,不仅取得了良好的生态效益,同时还实现了经济效益的增长与社会效益的扩展。此外,经过对研究案例的深度剖析,总结形成了农民生态自觉行为的发生发展规律,并为今后有关农村垃圾处置环境制度的制定提供经验启示。

How to dispose rural trashes is currently a difficult issue concerned by the whole society.Whether rural trash treatment is proper is related to stability of rural environment,the happiness of farmers life and the harmony of rural society.By theoretical study and spot survey,we find that a part of farmers in Taihu Lake basin have made good achievements for rural trash treatment based on their rural reality.In the process of the rural trash treatment,the farmers changed their environment consciousness,changed their improper behavior,understood the intrinsic connection between environment protection and economic development,and has reached a kind of“ecological consciousness”status.The practical model of farmers trash treatment behavior change in Taihu Lake basin not only has good ecological benefit but also realizes economic benefit growth and social benefit expansion.In addition,after deep analysis of the studied case,this paper summarizes the generating and developing laws for farmers ecological consciousness behavior and provides experience and enlightenment for environment regulation in future rural trashes treatment.