新文化运动后中国话语分流态势论略

On the Divergence of Chinese Discourse after the New Culture Movement

20世纪初的新文化运动之后,来自于西方的民主科学思想,以及马克思主义文化思想,共同对传统的中国话语构成了冲击,事实上改造着中国话语的内容与形式。但是,中国话语对外来话语的冲击表现出顽强的生命力。直至新中国成立前,由于中国社会的分化性走向,力图争取生存的中国话语采取了左右分流之复杂形式:右边的中国话语是指国民党政府的保守主义,尊孔读经;左边的中国话语是指中国共产党的马克思主义中国化。右边的中国话语是出于维护封建土地所有制之目的;左边的中国话语意味着,中共的革命既不可能违背自己的民族思维模式,更不可能无视中华民族的民族利益,这与超民族主义的国际主义会形成一定程度的矛盾——马克思主义中国化成为解决这一矛盾的思维方式革命,将马克思主义嵌入中国话语之中,这既是必需的选择,也是最好的选择。

After the New Cultural Movement in the early 20th century,the democratic and scientific ideology from the west and the Marxist cultural thoughts have jointly affected the traditional Chinese discourse,and in fact transformed the content and form of the Chinese discourse.However,in the face of impact from foreign discourse,the Chinese discourschasshown tenacious vitality.Until the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,due to the trend of divergence in Chinese society,the Chinese diseourse,struggling for its own survival,adopted a complicated form of divergence between leftist and rightist groups:the Chinese discourse on the right refers to the Conservatism of the Kuomintang government,reverencing the Confucianism;the Chinese discourse on the left refers to the sinonizationof Marxism by the Communist Party of China.The Chinese discourse on the right is for the purpose of maintaining feudal land ownership;the Chinese discourse on the left means that the CPC revolution can neither violate its own national mode of thinking,nor ignore the national interests of the Chinese nation.This is in contradiction to the ultra-nationalist internationalism to a certain extent.The sinonization of Marxism has become a revolutionary methodology in resolving this contradiction.Embedding Marxism into the Chinese discourse is both a necessary choice and the best choice.