沉默是金也可能是渣:人际修辞中隐身角色精神分析

Silence as gold or rubbish: A psychoanalysis of invisibleness in interpersonal rhetoric

英语rhetoric和汉语"修辞"二字,在中西修辞研究者和普通读者眼中,带有不同语义联想。即使在当代语境中,西方非修辞研究者往往将rhetoric与"空谈"或"妖言惑众"形成联想,而汉语读者往往将"修辞"与各种修辞技巧运用中形成的"妙语连珠""妙笔生花"等形成美好联想。随着西方当代修辞学和中国广义修辞学的传播,越来越多的研究者发现修辞研究涉猎众多话语类型,甚至对交流场合中"不着一字""沉默无语"也有很大的阐释力。交际场合中的"在场隐身"既可以体现"隐身人"的高尚品质,也可以说明"隐身人"无所作为的混混德性,耐人寻味,值得修辞分析。

"Rhetoric" in the West and "xiuci(修辞)" in China have different connotations for rhetoric researchers and ordinary communicators in their different language communities. Common Western language users often associate "rhetoric" with "empty talk" or "deception", while most Chinese speakers tend to relate "xiuci 修辞" to wittiness and sophistication brought about by rhetorical devices. With rhetorical studies in the West and Big Rhetoric in China gaining popularity,more and more researchers have started exploring various types of discourse and even so-called blankness and invisibleness in communication, which may reveal the virtues of "the invisible communicator" or his vices of doing nothing but for his own fame and gain. All this is worthy of rhetorical exploration and appaisal.