误判、轻视与放任——东汉朝廷在黄巾起义爆发前后的应对

Miscalculation, Contempt and Indulgence——Response before and after the outbreak of the Yellow Turban Uprising of the court of the Eastern Han Dynasty

黄巾起义作为一场全国性的社会危机,它的爆发与东汉朝廷的应对失当有密切关系。张角利用《太平经》和黄老道作为太平道的宗教幌子,在酝酿期即被误判为“善道”。基于误判了太平道的性质以及州郡隐瞒不报的现实,在黄巾起义爆发前期,东汉朝廷再次无视了黄巾势力刻意制造的谶纬事件和诸多大臣要求惩治黄巾的诉求。起义爆发后,由于朝廷内部宦官和将领的斗争和皇帝对宦官的纵容,延误了对黄巾起义的镇压时机,导致黄巾余部在各地仍有大量残留,从全国性的社会危机转变成地方性的社会危机。

As a nationwide social crisis, the outbreak of Yellow Turban Uprising is closely related to the improper response of the court of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Zhang jiao' s Taiping Scripture and Huanglao Doctrine were taken as the religious pretense of Taiping Taoism, which was misjudged as "good religion" in the gestation period. Based on the misjudgment of the nature of the Taiping Taosim and the concealment of the Yellow Turban forces by the prefectures and counties, the court of the Eastern Han Dynasty once again ignored the Yellow Turban Uprising during its expansion period, which was a deliberate attempt by the Yellow Turban forces to contain false information and many ministers' demands for the punishment of the Yellow Turban forces. After the uprising broke out, the government's suppression of the Yellow Turban Uprising was delayed due to the struggle between eunuchs and generals in the government, especially the connivance of the emperor to eunuchs. As a result, the remainder of the Yellow Turban Uprising remained throughout the country, transforming from a national social crisis into a local social crisis.