2005-2017年宁夏中卫市人间布鲁菌病疫情形势分析

Analysis of the epidemic situation of inter-human brucellosis in Zhongwei City of Ningxia from 2005 to 2017

目的分析2005-2017年宁夏中卫市布鲁菌病(简称布病)疫情形势,为采取科学有效的防控措施提供依据。方法收集整理2005-2017年中卫市布病报告发病情况,应用描述流行病学方法分析其流行趋势及分布(地点、时间、人群分布)特点。结果2005-2017年中卫市共报告人间布病病例1 880例,2012和2015年发病率分别为5.03/10万和61.80/10万,呈大幅迅速上升阶段(χ^2趋势=681.40,P < 0.05),2016年后呈下降趋势(χ^2趋势=324.85,P < 0.05),2017年报告发病率下降到25.13/10万;2005-2017年中宁、海原县的报告发病病例数较多,分别占39.79%(748/1 880)和36.06%(678/1 880);4-9月是发病高峰;男女性别比为2.72∶1.00(1 375/505);年龄以30~64岁为主,发病1 379例,占73.35%(1 379/1 880);职业以农民为主,发病1 616例,占85.96%(1 616/1 880)。结论2016年后中卫市人间布病发病率呈下降趋势;中宁、海原县是重点发病地区;防控的重点人群是农民。

Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of inter-human brucellosis in Zhongwei City of Ningxia from 2005 to 2017, and to provide basis for making scientific and effective prevention and control measures of the disease. Methods Incidence data of brucellosis were collected in Zhongwei City from 2005 to 2017 and prevalence trends and distribution characteristics (place, time, and population distribution) were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 1 880 human brucellosis cases were reported in Zhongwei City from 2005 to 2017. The incidence of brucellosis in 2012 and 2015 was 5.03/100 000 and 61.80/100 000, which showed a dramatic and rapid ascent(χ^2trend=681.40,P<0.05), while after 2016, it showed a downward trend(χ^2trend=324.85, P < 0.05), and in 2017 the reported incidence dropped to 25.13/100 000. Zhongning and Haiyuan Counties showed a high incidence from 2005 to 2017, and the incidence was 39.79%(748/1 880) and 36.06%(678/1 880), respectively;April to September was the peak season;the sex ratio was 2.72:1.00 (1 375/505);1 379 cases(73.35%) occurred between 30 and 64 years old, and 1 616 cases (85.96%) occurred among farmer. Conclusion After 2016, the incidence of human outbreaks in Zhongwei City has declined;Zhongning and Haiyuan Counties are the key areas of morbidity;the key population for prevention and control is farmer.