妊娠及哺乳期患者镇静药物的选择

Selection of sedative drugs for pregnant and lactating patients

妊娠期和哺乳期对于母亲及胎儿/婴儿来说都是非常特殊的时期,应尽可能避免使用药物。然而这一特殊人群在某些情况下必须在镇静或麻醉下才能进行侵入或非侵入性操作。目前,镇静或麻醉药物对于胎儿及婴儿的影响并不十分明确,导致很多侵入或非侵入性操作延误,也经常会导致哺乳期妇女由于使用镇静或麻醉药物而停止哺乳。因此,对于麻醉医生来说,了解镇静或麻醉药物对胎儿及哺乳对婴儿的影响显得非常重要。本文探讨了镇静或麻醉药物对妊娠期胎儿及哺乳期婴儿的作用,为这一特殊人群的镇静或麻醉用药提供参考。

Pregnancy and lactation are very special periods for mothers and fetuses/infants. Drugs should be avoided as much as possible in these periods. However, in some cases, this special population must be sedated or anesthetized in order to perform invasive or non-invasive operations. At present, the effects of sedative or anesthetic drugs on fetuses and infants are not very clear, leading to many invasive or non-invasive operation delays or stopping breast-feeding due to the use of sedative or anesthetic drugs. Therefore, it is very important for anesthesiologists to understand the effects of sedation or anesthetics on the fetus and breast-feeding infants. This paper discussed the effects of sedative or anesthetic drugs on pregnant and lactating infants, and provided reference for using sedative or anesthetic drugs in this special population.