妊高征对超低出生体重早产儿并发症的影响

Effect of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension on Complications of Premature Infants with Ultra-low Birth Weight

目的分析妊娠期高血压综合征(妊高征)对早产超低出生体重(ELBW)儿并发症的影响。方法方便选取2012年2月—2017年5月在该院新生儿科住院的ELBW早产儿共45例,根据是否为妊高征母婴分为妊高征组和对照组,比较两组患儿生后短期主要并发症发生率及死亡率、住院时间等指标。结果妊高征组小于胎龄儿(SGA)(80.0%vs40.0%,χ^2=7.287)及胆汁淤积(15.0%vs0.0%,χ^2=4.018)发生率明显高于对照组,两组新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)、颅内出血-脑白质病变等发生率及住院时间、死亡率均差异无统计学意义;妊高征组NRDS患儿肺表面活性物质使用率明显低于对照组(40.0%vs72.7%,χ^2=4.582)。结论母亲妊高征可增加ELBW早产儿SGA及胆汁淤积发生,但妊高征可能能减轻NRDS的严重程度。

Objective To analyze the effect of hypertensive syndrome of pregnancy (PIH) on the complications of preterm low ultra-low birth weight (ELBW). Methods A total of 45 ELBW premature infants were enrolled in the neonatology department of our hospital from February 2012 to May 2017. The children were convenient divided into the pregnancy-induced hypertension group and the control group according to whether they were pregnant or not. Short-term major complication rate and mortality, hospitalization time and other indicators were compared. Results The incidence of small for gestational age (SGA)(80.0% vs 40.0%,χ^2=7.287) and cholestasis (15.0% vs 0.0%,χ^2=4.018) was significantly higher in the PIH group than in the control group. The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), intracranial hemorrhage - white matter lesions, hospitalization time, and mortality were not statistically significant. The use rate of pulmonary surfactant in children with NRDS was significantly lower than that of the control group (40.0% vs 72.7%,χ^2=4.582). Conclusion Pregnancy-induced hypertension in the mother can increase SGA and cholestasis in premature infants with ELBW, but pregnancy-induced hypertension may reduce the severity of NRDS.