淀粉基热塑性发泡材料的配方研究

Formulation of Starch-Based Thermoplastic Foam Composites

以玉米淀粉为基体、竹粉为增强体,甘油/邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)混合物作为增塑剂,偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)/氧化锌(ZnO)为发泡剂,聚乙烯醇(PVA)为相容剂,用注塑发泡法制备淀粉基热塑性发泡材料(NFSC)。通过研究不同助剂配比及添加量对NFSC的相容性、力学性能、塑化效果及发泡效果的影响,优化配方设计,改善材料性能,以得到高品质、轻量化的淀粉基热塑性发泡材料。研究表明:甘油/DOP质量比为6:1,且添加质量分数为30%时,NFSC的塑化效果良好;AC/ZnO质量比为2:1,且添加质量分数为3%时,NFSC的发泡效果良好;添加PVA质量分数约为11%时,竹粉与淀粉基体间界面相容性较好。

Using corn starch as matrix and bamboo powder as reinforcing body, glycerol/phthalates (DOP) mixed as plasticizer, Azo dimethylamine/zinc oxide (AC/ZnO) as foaming agent, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as compatibility agent, natural fiber reinforced starch composite (NFSC) was prepared by injection molding foaming method. By studying the effects of the ratio and addition of different auxiliaries on the compatibility, mechanical properties, plasticizing effect and foaming effect of NFSC, the formulation design was optimized to improve the properties of the materials in order to obtain high quality-lightweight starch based thermoplastic foaming materials. The results showed that the quality ratio of glycerin/DOP being 6:1, and when the quality fraction was added to 30%, the plasticizing effect of NFSC was good. The quality ratio of AC/ZnO being 2:1, and when the quality fraction was added to 3%, the foaming effect of NFSC was good, and when the quality fraction of PVA was about 11%, the interface compatibility between bamboo powder and starch matrix was better.