遂昌湖山林场水源林阔叶化改造及林分结构变化评估

Broadleaf Transformation and Stand Structure Change Evaluation of Water Conservation Forest in Hushan Forest Farm, Suichang

水源林的质量提升是经济和社会发展的必然需求。该研究针对浙江遂昌湖山林场水源林中针叶林面积比重大、林相单调和林分结构简单的特点,在马尾松林和杉木林+马尾松林中,分别采取了11.8%和35.3%的间伐强度,为间伐补植和人工促进更新创造条件,并对改造后的林分结构和林木质量进行对比评估。结果表明,经过技术改造,马尾松林和杉木林+马尾松林中阔叶树的比例分别提高4.6百分点和12.0百分点,干形质量较优的林木比例分别提高7.8百分点和7.0百分点,生活力较强的林木比例分别提高4.9百分点和25.3百分点;无损伤的林木比例分别提高6.9百分点和17.1百分点。马尾松林透光条件改善不显著,杉木林+马尾松林中透光条件严重不足的林木比例下降17.6百分点,透光条件基本满足以上的林木比例提高了约13百分点。经过技术改造,湖山景观水源林群落的自然化、混交化和异龄化程度以及林内景观质量得到显著提升,为进一步经营技术的实施奠定了基础,长期效果需要进一步持续地定位观测研究。

Quality enhancement in water conservation forest region was demanded with the development of economy and society. Aiming at the large area of coniferous forest,monotonous forest landscape and simple stand structure in forest for water conversation of Hushan Forest Farm in Suichang,Zhejiang Province,11.8% and 35.3% thinning intensifications were adopted in Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata+ P. massoniana forest respectively. The stand structure and growth situation were evaluated and compared between experimental samples and controlled samples in this paper. The results indicated that the proportion of broadleaf trees was increased by 4.6 and 12.0 percentage points respectively,stand shape quality was increased by 7.8 and 7.0 percentage points,and the proportion of stand without damage increased by 6.9 and 17.1 percentage points. The stand viability was increased by 4.9 and 25.3 percentage points,respectively. Significant improvement of the light conditions in C. lanceolata+P. massoniana forest was found,but not significant in P. massoniana forest. After broadleaf transformation,the mixed uneven-aged forest was constructed and forest landscapes were significantly improved,which laid a foundation for the implementation of management technology. Long term monitoring study was also suggested to evaluate the effects of broadleaf transformation on water conversation forest.